Should Racist Speech Enjoy Protection under the First Amendment?

Persuasive Speech - Should Racist Speech Enjoy Protection below the prototypal Amendment?Prejudice and racial stereotyping are two of this countrys greatest problems today. M whatever people in our society have tried to find ways to exterminate or at least limit these types of behavior, but have met with very limited, if any, success. Because of the complex nature of racism and racist acts, coupled with the fact the first amendment prohibits the giving medication from limiting the publics near to free expression and speech, the Federal government has been ineffective in eliminating racist actions that pervade our society. State governments and institutions have attempted to set up their own laws condemning such actions, but have been wholly unsuccessful.Some of those waging a war on racism have established anti-discrimination policies, and have had these policies challenged as a result. Central Michigan University, for example, had instituted a discriminatory harassment policy , only to have it shot down by the Supreme Court in 1995 on grounds that the policy "necessarily requires the university to assess racial or ethnic content of speech." Since Central Michigan University is a State school, the First Amendment prohibits it from enacting regulations that would limit an individuals in good order to free speech unless the regulations, according to a 1986 govern by the Supreme Court, are "narrowly and precisely designed."As you can imagine, precisely tailoring any statute in order to prohibit racist speech is nearly impossible - and as many other speakers have already said, banning the latest racial slurs will only create new ones. Additionally, an discoverright ban on racist speech and ideas could likely lead to a higher take of violence in our society.A number of other supreme court rulings have come out in favor of protecting all speech, including racist speech, such asA 1941 ruling on the case of Sullens v State, stating that the & quotFreedom of speech includes freedom to speak unwisdom or even heresy." A 1949 ruling on the case of Terminillo v Chicago, stating that "Attacks on racial and religious groups are protected by right of free speech in absence of demo of serious substantive evil that rises far above public inconvenience, annoyance, or unrest" A 1952 ruling on the case of Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v Wilson, stating that ... ...ks and racial slurs in the workplace, we can somewhat satisfy those who clamor for an outright ban on racism. By non allowing this type of speech to be criminalized, we stand by our First Amendment rights and continue to allow freedom of expression. By offering each side this compromised solution we can not only help to phase racism out of our society, but also protect our unalienable rights.The Freedom to speak ones mind is one of this countrys citizens most venerably held rights, and any discussion which deals with government imposed limitations on this right should not be taken lightly. Completely banning speech that is deemed by some to be racist only serves to bury the problem of racism itself, and is not an acceptable solution. Thus, the First Amendment should continue to protect racial slurs as well as all other speech in order to preserve and picture the freedoms we have today. In conclusion, Id like to quote one last ruling from the 8th circuit Federal court from 1946 "The First Amendment is intended to assure prefer that in itself must be so actual and certain that fear and doubt are absent from an individuals mind, or freedom is but abstraction."

The Most Appropriate Pricing Technique for Cadbury Essay -- Business M

The Most Appropriate Pricing Technique for CadburyThere are 7 different pricing techniques that are available toCadbury.1. First pricing technique is skimming pricing. With skimming pricing,these prices are set very high to take return of some peoplesdesire for a new product or design at any price.Skimming is nigh effective if drive is inelastic. For e.g. Cadburyput their prices at the same as most of their competitors and at theprice their guests are able to pay.2. Cost plus pricingPricing methods which are found on the address structure of Cadbury thatare favoured by accountants because they are supposedly more accurateand reliable.Cadbury is trying to maximise it profits. This method workssuccessfully because all costs direct to be accurately accounted. Inmany firms this is a very difficult litigate which is why the simplermark-up procedure is used. Cost plus pricing tends to ignore thedemand for the product and the competition. 3. Positioning pricingCadbury uses this meth od to position prices that are set which reflectthe consumers view of the chocolate bean.4. Demand based pricingCadbury set their prices based on what they think the consumer isprepared to pay. If they dont then they wont sell as good as theythought. If they do sell at the customers price they will fox a goodreputation and an output of more customers.5. Competitive pricingIn this situation Cadbury set a price roughly in line with theircompetitors. This will depend on the type of competition that existsfor the chocolate bean. It is particularly the number of seller andthe number of buyers.This process works reasonably well if the cost structures of thecompanies are roughly similar.6. Discount pricingCadbury is a competitive market which buyers should be able to obtaingoods for little than the advertised price. Many firms can be forcedinto price-cutting if they are short of cash or need to increase salesquickly.7. Different pricingCadbury may change different prices sometimes for t he same product atdifferent times. Its prices will be based on the elasticity of demandfor the chocolate bean.Which is the most abstract for this market type?The most appropriate strategy for Cadbury is Cost Plus pricing andDemand based pricing.Cost plus pricing is appropriate because the information is moreaccurate and reliable which is good... ...ghtly difficult but they have managed due to good marketingstrategies. It has distributed its products in many federal agencys even if theyhave failed in some but they always try to find the right way todistribute their product so their customers stay satisfied.PRODUCER WHOLESALER retail merchant COMSUMERWhen there are a large number of retailers, Cadbury (the manufactures)will usually deal with a wholesaler who buys in bulk, stores theproducts and sells them on to the retailer in littler quantities. Asmall grocer will usually go to the wholesaler. This is mainly doneregularly to avoid the small space. Advantages of long channels- Ret ailer gains convenience and minimises storehouse costs- Consumers are able to buy in small quantities from retailers- Goods are available close to where they are needed- Wholesalers provide valuable retailer gage services- Transport costs are lower because the producer does not have to make as many deliveries.Disadvantages of long channels- Prices tend to be higher when goods change hands many times compare prices in the corner shop with those in supermarkets- Producers have less control over the way in which goods are stored and sold

Far From The Maddening Crowd :: essays research papers

cFar from the Maddening CrowdFar from the Maddening Crowd is a story of threesome men with nothing in leafy vegetable except the conquest for the same wo humankind. It takes place in the 19th century in a country town of West England, where the sound of the wind along with the singing of the birds is a melodic rhythm, the field is green, and the good deals of sheep graze peacefully like cotton balls. On top of the h bedrid lived Bathsheba, a beautiful and independent late woman. After the death of her father, she confronted with the role of managing the farm she inherited from her father. Batsheba faces her duties and responsibilities with control and authority. This is in contrast to her personal life she is confused because she does not know which one of her three pretenders she wants as a prospective husband. One of Batshebas pretenders was Gabriel Oak, a shepherd of flocks and a man who was loved and respected by everyone. Gabriel was a kind man whose eyes implied tenderness . He wanted Batshebas love, but she told him that she was independence and needed a husband that would tame her. He lost all of his wealth when his flock of sheep had strayed off a cliff and had to become Batshebas Foreman.Bathsheba arouses an unrestrained passion in Mr. Boldwood, a middle-aged, wealthy man who had never bothered with the feelings of a woman, until, he receives an anonymous letter where he was teased with a marriage proposal. When he found out that Batsheba had written the letter, he proposed to her. Batsheba felt guilty for what she had done to Mr. Boldwood and was voluntary to marry him even without feeling any love for him.Batsheba meets the third pretender Sgt. Troy, a good looking, daring, young man, depressed by being left at the altar by the woman he loves. Bathsheba felt jealousy and distraction toward him, which she thought was love. He desires only Bathshebas wealth.Bathsheba and Sgt. Troy were married even though Mr. Boldwood offered Sgt. Troy a fortune in exchange for not marrying Batsheba. Gabriel and Mr. Boldwood were left broken hearted Mr. Boldwood sworn vengeance to Sgt. Troy. As soon as they were married, Sgt. Troy started ill treating Bathsheba, and he does not help her with the farm duties instead, he demands money to support his gambling. But there was Gabriel Oak always by her side and working arduously on the maintenance of the farm.

Sir Gawain And The Green Knight: The Role Of Women :: essays research papers

In the fourteenth century, chivalry was in decline due to drastic social and economic changes. Although feudalism-along with chivalry-would ultimately fall for other reasons, including a falloff in cheap human resources due to a drop in population caused by plague epidemics and the government issue of a mercantile middle class, the Gawain generator perceived a loss of religious values as the cause of its decline. Gawain and the Green Knight presents both a support of the old feudal hierarchies and an implicit in(predicate) criticism of changes by recalling chivalry in its idealized state in the court of King Arthur. The women in the horizontal surface are the poets primary instruments in this follow-up and reinforcement of feudalism. The poet uses the contrast betwixt the Virgin Mary with wench Bertilaks wife to point out the conflict between courtly and spiritual love that he felt had weakened the religious values slow chivalry. The poem warns that a loss of the religiou s values behind chivalry would lead to its ultimate destruction. Although superficially Sir Gawain and the Green Knight appears to be a romantic celebration of chivalry, it contains wide-ranging serious criticism of the system. The poet is showing Gawains creed on chivalrys outside form and pith at the expense of the original values of the Christian religion from which it sprang. The first knights were monastic ones, vowing chastity, poverty and service to God, and pioneer crusades for the good of their faith. The divergence between this betimes model and the fourteenth century knight came with the rise of courtly love in which the knights were led to their great deeds by devotion to a schoolmarm rather than God. The discrepancy between this and the churchs mistrust of women and desires of the flesh is obvious, and the poet uses women in the story to deliver this message. In contrast to frankness at the time, women in the story are given great power Mary, when properly worshi ped, gives Gawain his power, Lady Bertilak operates alone in the bedroom and singlehandedly taints the chevalier, and Morgan the Fay instigates the entire plot, wielding enough power. The originator is using them as a illustration for other anti-social forces and dangers outside the control of feudalism and chivalry, drawing upon biblical and classical examples in his audiences minds of where femininity is linked with subversiveness. Lady Bertilak is clearly seen in the Biblical usance of the temptress, the Eve who led Adam astray--in Gawain, she represents the traditional female archetypes of courtly love, disobedience, lust and death.Sir Gawain And The Green Knight The Role Of Women essays inquiry papers In the fourteenth century, chivalry was in decline due to drastic social and economic changes. Although feudalism-along with chivalry-would eventually fall for other reasons, including a decrease in cheap human resources due to a drop in population caused by plague epidemic s and the emergence of a mercantile middle class, the Gawain author perceived a loss of religious values as the cause of its decline. Gawain and the Green Knight presents both a support of the old feudal hierarchies and an implicit criticism of changes by recalling chivalry in its idealized state in the court of King Arthur. The women in the story are the poets primary instruments in this critique and reinforcement of feudalism. The poet uses the contrast between the Virgin Mary with Lady Bertilaks wife to point out the conflict between courtly and spiritual love that he felt had weakened the religious values behind chivalry. The poem warns that a loss of the religious values behind chivalry would lead to its ultimate destruction. Although superficially Sir Gawain and the Green Knight appears to be a romantic celebration of chivalry, it contains wide-ranging serious criticism of the system. The poet is showing Gawains reliance on chivalrys outside form and substance at the expense o f the original values of the Christian religion from which it sprang. The first knights were monastic ones, vowing chastity, poverty and service to God, and undertaking crusades for the good of their faith. The divergence between this early model and the fourteenth century knight came with the rise of courtly love in which the knights were led to their great deeds by devotion to a mistress rather than God. The discrepancy between this and the churchs mistrust of women and desires of the flesh is obvious, and the poet uses women in the story to deliver this message. In contrast to reality at the time, women in the story are given great power Mary, when properly worshiped, gives Gawain his power, Lady Bertilak operates alone in the bedroom and singlehandedly taints the chevalier, and Morgan the Fay instigates the entire plot, wielding enough power. The author is using them as a metaphor for other anti-social forces and dangers outside the control of feudalism and chivalry, drawing upo n biblical and classical examples in his audiences minds of where femininity is linked with subversiveness. Lady Bertilak is clearly seen in the Biblical role of the temptress, the Eve who led Adam astray--in Gawain, she represents the traditional female archetypes of courtly love, disobedience, lust and death.

The Doctrine Of Fascism :: essays research papers

The Doctrine of FascismSome General Ideological Features"Reactionary concepts plus revolutionary emotion result in Fascist mentality."-Wilhelm ReichIs nationalism inherently flagitious? Would a one-world government be morepreferable? Are appreciating and defending ones own culture and culturalvalues somehow primitive instincts that must be overcome by the educationalefforts of the enlightened?We have all heard of Fascism, but our image is usually of a brutalsoldier wearing a uniform emblazoned with a swastika. Most people in the U.S.are aware that the U.S. and its allies fought a war against the Nazis, but thereis much more to grapple if one is to learn the important lessons of our recenthistory.Adolph Hitlers Nazis were certainly the most prolific of the Fascist states.The seeds of Fascism, however, were planted in Italy. "Fascism is response,"said Benito Mussolini, author of The Doctrine of Fascism, but reaction to what?Mussolini forged Fascism in post-World War I in Europe. The nationalaspirations of many European peoples nations without states, peoplesarbitrarily assigned to political entities with little regard for custom orculture had been crushed after World War I. The humiliation imposed by thevictors in the Great War, coupled with the hardship of the economicDepression, created bitterness and kindle. That anger frequently found itsoutlet in an ideology that asserted not just the importance of the nation, butits unquestionable superiority and predestined role in history.Italy was the birthplace of Fascist ideology. Mussolini, ironically a formersocialist journalist, organized the first Fascist movement in 1919 at Milan. In1922 Mussolini led a march on Rome, he was given a government post by theking, and began transforming the Italian government into a Fascist state. In1938 he hale the last remains of democracy, the Council of Deputies, to votethemselves out of existence, leaving Mussolini dictator of Fascist Italy.Fascism and the D octrine of Fascism is more complex than popular belief. What,then, is the nature of Fascism?Fundamental IdeasThe doctrine tells of a world where the instinctiveness of man to live a life ofselfish and momentary pleasure are subjugated by a moral faithfulness. A law which bindstogether individuals into a mission in which through the denial of themselvesand sacrifice of private interests realizes complete spiritual existence. Inessence, Fascism attempts to create a state where the citizens do not existindividually, it creates instruments for the state to manipulate. It achievesthis under the guise of spirituality. The hopeless, cheerless, and forgottenare the most susceptible to the Fascism virus. By putting them into uniformsand incorporating them into organized movement, Fascism makes them feel as if

The Doctrine Of Fascism :: essays research papers

The Doctrine of FascismSome General Ideological Features"Reactionary concepts plus revolutionary emotion result in Fascist mentality."-Wilhelm ReichIs nationalism inherently evil? Would a one-world government be morepreferable? Are appreciating and defending ones own culture and culturalvalues somehow primitive instincts that mustiness be overcome by the educationalefforts of the enlightened?We have all heard of Fascism, however our image is usually of a brutalsoldier article of clothing a uniform emblazoned with a swastika. Most people in the U.S.are aware that the U.S. and its allies fought a war against the Nazis, but thereis much more to know if one is to learn the important lessons of our recenthistory.Adolph Hitlers Nazis were certainly the most prolific of the Fascist domains.The seeds of Fascism, however, were planted in Italy. "Fascism is reaction,"said Benito Mussolini, author of The Doctrine of Fascism, but reaction to what?Mussolini forged Fascism in post-World War I in Europe. The nationalaspirations of many European peoples nations without states, peoplesarbitrarily assigned to political entities with little regard for customs orculture had been crushed after World War I. The humiliation imposed by thevictors in the Great War, coup conduct with the hardship of the economicDepression, created gall and anger. That anger frequently found itsoutlet in an ideology that asserted not just the importance of the nation, butits unquestionable superiority and predestined type in history.Italy was the birthplace of Fascist ideology. Mussolini, ironically a formersocialist journalist, organized the first Fascist movement in 1919 at Milan. In1922 Mussolini led a march on Rome, he was given a government post by theking, and began transforming the Italian government into a Fascist state. In1938 he forced the last remains of democracy, the Council of Deputies, to votethemselves out of existence, leaving Mussolini dictator of Fascist Italy. Fascism and the Doctrine of Fascism is more complex than popular belief. What,then, is the nature of Fascism?Fundamental IdeasThe school of thought tells of a world where the instinctiveness of man to live a life ofselfish and momentary pleasure are subjugated by a moral law. A law which bindstogether individuals into a mission in which through the denial of themselvesand sacrifice of private interests realizes complete spiritual existence. Inessence, Fascism attempts to create a state where the citizens do not existindividually, it creates instruments for the state to manipulate. It achievesthis under the guise of spirituality. The hopeless, cheerless, and forgottenare the most susceptible to the Fascism virus. By putting them into uniformsand incorporating them into organized movement, Fascism makes them feel as if

Assessment and Learners Essay

Introduction The aim of this report is to identify my roles and responsibilities as a teacher delivering the Level 2 enfranchisement in Youth Work Practice (City and Guilds). The course is attended by trainee youth workers aged 18 and over and consists of 20 taught sessions and a work-based placement. The arriere pensee is estimate based, with exclusively Learners producing a portfolio of evidence to support their learning. The portfolios are assessed, checked by an Internal Verifier and samples of the portfolios are checked by an External Verifier to break the standards of assessment.Responsibilities The role of teacher holds many responsibilities. Lifelong Learning UK (LLUK) defines two teaching roles 1. Associate Teacher, Learning and Skills (ATLS) which is a supportive role 2. Qualified Teacher, Learning and Skills (QTLS) which is a full teaching role To become a QTLS the Institute for Learning (IfL) states As a new entrant to teaching in the Learning and Skills Sector, you impart have to complete the PTLLS award. It moldiness be completed at heart one year of initial employment. (March, S, 2010 4) It is my responsibility as a teacher to complete this qualification and continuously develop my skills as a professional. As a teacher some of my responsibilities embroil having knowledge and understanding of the subject, curriculum development and delivery and impound initial, formative an summative assessment methods. As a teacher inwardly the Level 2 Certificate in Youth Work Practice I am responsible for the development and delivery of a suitable curriculum to enable Learners to complete the qualification by demonstrating and evidencing their learning.This also includes carrying out initial assessments for on the whole told Learners and identifying any needs of the individual or the group. During the development of the curriculum I plan and prepare sessions to meet the learning outcomes of the course, sourcing and developing appropriate resources then delivering sessions and support Learners where necessary. Suitable assessment methods and evaluation processes will also be structured into the curriculum to ensure continuous development of the course, the Learners and the teachers. Other responsibilities within my role include* Appropriate record keeping. This may include Learners details, registration forms, Initial Assessments, registers, portfolio files, results and assessment records, placement details and session plans alongside schemes of work. These records are kept to ensure entirely Learners needs are met and progress is appropriately recorded on Individual Learning Plans which are necessary for certification. Work placement details and Criminal inscribe Bureau (CRB) checks also need to be kept to ensure safeguarding and health and safety policies and procedures are followed correctly.Records must be kept in conformation to edict and also as a matter of best behave and for auditing purposes. * Suitable evaluatio n. Evaluation of the Learners progress is essential to their learning to identify areas for improvement. It is important to evaluate the curriculum, sessions and my let development to ensure my practice is reflective, professional and continuously developing. * Respect. Paramount to my role as a teacher is respect for the Learners and my colleagues, including professional boundaries.This includes maintaining a degree of formalness and understanding of the limits of my relationship with the Learners, ensuring these are made clear, preventing the crossing of boundaries. This also includes an awareness of my own limitations within my role and knowing how and where to signpost Learners for nurture support. Legislation there are many policies and procedures to follow within my own governing body and the qualification awarding body, governing many aspects of my role as teacher. Some of these relate to edict such as * The Equality Act (2010)This act promotes existity of opportunity. My practice must be inclusive and take into consideration this legislation to prevent dissimilitude as guided by mu organisations Equal Opportunities Policy. * The Data Protection Act (1998) This act regulates the processing and storing of information about individuals. My organisation follows appropriate policies and procedures in accordance with this act including storing all Learners files in a lockable file in a suitable environment only accessed by authorised staff.* The Copyright Licensing Act (CLA) (1988) Organisations must have a license to copy parts of books and documents. It is vital to ensure this is followed when copying any material to ensure it is done within the limits of the organisations licence. * Health and galosh at Work etc Act (1974) This is the main piece of legislation covering health and safety in the work place including anyone unveiling and using the premises. * Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (1999) This Legislation requires allemp loyers carry out appropriate risk assessments, implement necessary measures, rouse competent staff and arrange suitable information and training around health and safety.My organisation also follows appropriate policies and procedures to ensure both this and the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974) are complied with. This includes risk assessments, record keeping, first aid training, incident reporting and safeguarding policies and procedures. As well as legislation and organisation policies and procedures there is a code of practice to be followed by teachers, produced by The Institute for Learning (IfL).This outlines the standards of professional behaviour expected of members working in further education and includes * Professional integrity regarding all interactions with Learners, colleagues and other professionals. * Show respect to all Learners and colleagues and recognise and value diversity and engage in anti-oppressive practices. * Ensure commonsense care regarding the sa fety and wellbeing of others where possible and within legislation. * Provide evidence of your own professional development. * Notify the IfL as soon as possible later on cautioning or conviction for a criminal offence.* Provide appropriate support during any investigation by the IfL. My own practice also requires me to work within the National Youth Agency code of practice too. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion As a teacher it is essential that my practice ensures the fair treatment of all Learners and that they are stick outed equal opportunities to participate and gain the qualification. This may involve adapting sessions including timings, resources, assessment methods and providing additional support where necessary.The Equality Act (2010) bans unfair treatment and aims to achieve equal opportunities within the work place and wider society. The act replaces previous anti-discrimination laws to make legislation simpler and remove inconsistencies and covers nine protected chara cteristics which cannot be used as a reasonableness to treat people unfairly. The protected characteristics are 1. Age 2. Disability 3. Gender reassignment (choosing to live as a gender other than that assigned to you at birth, with or without surgery.) 4. Marriage and civil partnership 5. Pregnancy and maternity 6. Race 7. Religion or belief 8. Gender 9. Sexual orientation The Equality Act identifies ship canal in which it is unlawful to treat people including * Direct and indirect discrimination * Harassment * Victimisation * Failing to make reasonable adjustments for people with disabilities My organisation operates within an equal opportunities policy influenced by this Act which must be followed by all staff and Learners.As well as a commitment to equality within my practise it is important to recognise and value individual differences and the different cultural backgrounds of Learners, colleagues and the wider community. My practice must promote diversity through my behaviou r, use of delivery and appropriate challenging of others to reflect this. Inclusion within teaching ensures that all Learners are able to participate and feel included, removing any barriers to their learning experience.This should include all teaching and learning processes from the planning and delivery stages to evaluation and further planning. Appropriate information should be collected at the Initial Assessment stage to allow necessary adaptations to the teaching programme. This may include providing additional support for Functional Skills or allowing time and space for prayers. Recommendations for professional practice Throughout my teaching practice I will continuously update my skills through training, supervision and self-evaluation to ensure a high standard of professional practice.I will also check into all necessary policies and practices to work within legislation and promote best practice. It is also important to maintain suitable contact with governing bodies to st ay updates with codes of parcel out and changes to legislation. Bibliography Cohen, L, Manion, L and Morrison, K. (2004) A Guide to Teaching Practice, 5th Edition, Suffolk Routledge Great Britain. Equality Act 2010, London HMSO March, S. (2010) Preparing to Teach the first steps Chartered Institute of environmental Health.

Plato’s Three Parts of The Soul Essay

As the founder of the first university and considered the most powerful thinker in history Plato believed that the reason was made of tierce parts. The Three Parts of the Soul in Platos Republic and Phaedrus are mans Appetite (Black Horse on Left), Spirited (White Horse on Right), and Reason (Charioteer). from each one part of the thought has its own virtuousness as well as its own vice. Temperance is the virtue of Appetite, Courage the virtue of Spirit, and Wisdom is the virtue of Reason. It was Platos belief that goodness and justice come from the correct balance of the Three Parts of the Soul. We go out uncover the perfect balance of the soul gibe to Plato and how goodness and justice come form this balance.Known as our animal side the appetitive part of the soul includes a myriad of desires for different pleasures, comforts, forcible satisfaction, and bodily ease. Temperance, which is the virtue of the appetite, is ones ability to exhibit temperance and self-restraint wh en indulging in lifes pleasures. The good and just practice temperance plot the evil and unjust practice lust, greed, and gluttony, commonly referred to as the Vice of the appetitive part of the soul. There are so many appetites that Plato does not mention only of them, but he does say that they can often be in conflict with each other. In the republic the workers and artisans were in this category. The ugly black cavalry on the left represents the appetitive element of the soul.The spirited part of the soul or hot-blooded part is where we get our source of action. This is the part of the soul that leave behind get angry if we feel an injustice is being done. It is also the part of us that loves facing and overcoming challenges, the part that loves victory, challenge, and winning. Courage, which is the virtue of the spirited element of the soul, enables the soldier to carry and fight as well as control the lower class consisting of merchants, artisans and peasants. The souls so urce of action derives from courage and enables the appetitive part of the soul to exhibit moderation and self-restraint keeping us good and just. Anger and envy are the vices of the spirited part of the soul. When anger and envy take control gluttony, lust, and greed will soon follow. The spirited element of the soul is represented by the noble white horse on the right.The last and most important element of the soul according to Plato is reason. This is the part of the soul that thinks, looks ahead, analyzes, rationally weighs options and tries to decide what is best for us overall. It was Platos belief that the rational part of the soul convinces the spirited part of the soul to control the appetitive part of the soul. This is the only way one could achieve balance and harmony. The rulers and philosophers were amongst the most rational people in the republic. The charioteer represents our mind and conscious sensation that is guiding the horses and chariot.The charioteer should be in charge of the whole system deciding about when to give each horse it rein or when to hold it back. The horses should not govern the whole system the whole system should be run by the rational decisions of the charioteer. Plato believed this was the perfect balance of the soul and would lead to harmonization and gaiety of the soul creating a good and just person.

European History: Fascism Essay

After orbit War I, Europe scrapes to return to peace and stability. Many new elected governments fell apart under the attack of the Great picture. As a result, new totalitarian regimes emerged such as Fascism and Communism. Totalitarian is a relating system of governments that is centralize and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state. By making the most out of new technologies of mass communications, dictators were able to gain support of their populations. Europes softness to deal with economic depression and the semipolitical movements lead to World War II.People lost faith in capitalism and then turned to a new system of government called fascism, which contributed to economic issues, political movements and dictatorship. At the end of World War I, Europe was faced with economic problems. More than 25 one million million million were unemployed worldwide. (Document 5) The Great depression effected economy, with global industry dropping 36%m and world t rade decreasing by 62%. The governments during World War engaged in heavy borrowing which caused iflation. Much of European economy was built on the loans from the United States.One country, Germany had high level of interest, which low-pitched agriculture and industry, a burden on taxes and external debt. In the beginning of the year of 1931 with the highest unemployment rate of 23. 3. (Document 6) Fascism preached several ideas that benefited a country. Fascists believed that a nation must struggle i n order to be safe and strong, peaceful countries were attacked. Germany, a fascist country under the rule of Adolf Hilter was one of them. (Document 2) Fascism, the new militant political movement, emphasized loyalty to the state and respect to its leader. Politician, Benito Mussolini founder the Fascist Party in 1919.In October 1922, about 30,000 fascist marched to put Mussolini in charge of the government. He abolished democracy, outlawed all political parties, and control the eco nomy by allying the Fascists with the industrialist and landowners. (Document 1) Unlike Hilter joined a political group where their goal was that Germany should overturn the Treaty of Versailles and exhort against communism. The political group was after on called the Nazis. Unlike communism, which supported the working and lower class, the Nazis were supported by the middle or lower middle class, whereas later formed a branch of fascism.Germanys economy was desperate during the depression, and unfortunately people eventually turned to Hilter. (Document 2) Hilter wanted more than political and economic power. He turned to mass communications, such as radios literature, press, paintings and films as propaganda tools. Media that was against Nazism was burned and churches were forbidden to criticize. Hatred towards Jews was one main point about the Nazi ideology. Hilter pass judgment that Jews were the cause of trouble. (Document 12) They passed laws that took away most right from Je ws in 1933.By 1932, Nazis were the biggest political leaders and was continuing to grow. (Document 7) Hilter had absolute power for years, causing Germany to change into a totalitarian state. Adolf Hilter is Germany and Germany is Adolf Hilter. Hess says. (Document 2) Fascism was similar to communism. They both were ruled by dictators and denied individual rights. People who were frustrated by the peace treaties after World War I and the Great Depression were please to hear the message and accepted Fascism because it was beneficial. This brought many issues to Europe once again, then later causing World War II.

K-12:an Asset or a Drawback in Promoting Quality Education?

K-12 AN ASSET OR A DRAWBACK IN PROMOTING QUALITY EDUCATION? Sol F. Constantino (ED 213)Graduate tutor, Ateneo de Naga University in that location are ample reasons behind the emergence of K+12 Basic Education Program. With our countrys current situation, consequently it became an issue. Similar to coin tossing, this cause has its heads and tails thus it earned different public reactions an approval from those who viewed K+12 as the answer to the poor fibre of prefatory education and ascetical rebukes from folks whose pocketbooks would be adversely impacted by the proposed additional 2 years of basic education (Cruz, 2010).Hence, If equated to analogy, the product of the old syllabus with a K-6-4 construction and the new curriculum having K-6-4-2 model can be com equatinged to two newborn babies, a premature baby (half-baked graduates) whose needs moldiness be addressed in order to survive and a normal one (the ideal graduate) . Futhermore, I consider the features of K+12 to b e more an advantage in enhancing our quality of education but the conflict here is the preparedness of the crucial elements needed to be procured by DepEd as it geted out to be an untimely implementation.The cons reckoned umpteen drawbacks of K+12 as they consider it an impediment and an additional burden especially to parents. The Philippine Star writer Isagani Cruz enumerated the d makesides of K+12 in his column. He asserted that parents have to shell out more money (for transportation and food) for the education of their children as they find the additional two years heavy for their disbursement which leave lead to a high dropout rate of the students if not addressed . I personally dont concur to this point.Providing our children quality education is akin farming, where one needs to perspire and endure working under the sun, plow the fields and take good care of everything in order to have a good harvest. Absolutely it is hard, but not impossible. An some other reason cited is that the government does not have the money to pay for two more years of innocuous education, since it does not even have the money to fully support the ten years of basic education. The cons believed that the problem of BEC is the content and not the length, thus the emphasis essential be on better rather than on more education.For them, ten years is enough to equip students with necessary skills to become productive and successful members of our dry land so theres no need for the additional two years. Another problem that goes with the curriculum implementation are the skills and competency of teachers. Changes in the curriculum implies that teachers must be resilient and flexible enough to adopt the new trends. As I have mentioned earlier, the main concern that I think must be addressed first is the readiness of every component of education, including sufficient classrooms, chairs, teachers and equipment.Citing the present status of my own school as an example, classroom a nd teacher dearth is the main problem because we have a high rate of enrolment but the teachers are compelled to hold big classes (sometimes seventy or more pupils in one section) in dilapidated and improvised classrooms, even in shade houses within the school premises. In addition, sufficient educational supplies such as error-free workbooks and other teaching materials are still of great demand.Answering these needs will not be done with just a blink of an eye. Thus, implementing the new curriculum this earliest is a premature step because majority of its vital parts is not yet developed and realized. However, we are hoping that these issues will be immediately settled upon know that DepEd is one of the priorities of the present administration having a hefty P1,645 trillion budget. The positive features of K-12 stand out as it provide more returnss over the previous dodge in terms of quality education.The proponents believed it is the answer to our countrys ailing need as the y figured out the following reasons K+12 will produce graduates who are competent, physically, mentally and emotionally ready in their field of endeavor because the additional two years in the Senior High School curriculum will serve as the students career assessment as it offers areas of specialization or electives such as science and technology, symphony and arts, agriculture and fisheries, sports, business and entrepreneurship.It will help the students define what college course is suitable to his skills and interests which will make them excel in their chosen field. Filipino graduates will benefit from their degree earned when they work abroad because they will be recognized as professionals having graduated in a twelve-year basic educational cycle positive in international standard. So, Filipino professionals no longer need to serve s domestic helpers in other countries because they are entitled to practice their profession. ground from contradicting points enumerated and we ighing the outcomes given, I resolved this issue by finally stating that K+12 is more of an asset than a drawback in promoting quality education. Let us embrace the fact that our country under the new leadership of President Ninoy Aquino III is undergoing Reconstructionism, that is, creating social change in building the nation through basic quality education.The reason for this change doesnt stop from raising the students achievement scores alone. It aims to show the world that Filipino students are brilliant, and that Philippines wants to be at par with modernized countries because we dont want to be left behind. In order to achieve this, our country really need brilliant students who will turn to be our countrys young entrepreneurs, as well as smart and competent teachers.Functional and productive Filipino citizens will make Philippines a progressive nation. All these will start from the fundamentals, the basic education. So, as a Grade One teacher, as early as June, I strive ha rd to permit my pupils learn the essential skills expected to be mastered by first graders reading, speaking, writing and counting. I will make sure that the incoming second graders future(a) year are all good readers as I strictly implement the No Read No Pass policy.As for my professional development, I traverse to augment my teaching skills through wide reading, online research on best teaching practices and continuous studies. Through my own simple ways, I aspire to total to our goal of nation building by providing basic quality education even if it means walking an extra mile and spending at my own expense. References Balangue, D. (2010, November). Is K+12 the answer? Inquirer Opinion/ Column.Retrieved from http//opinion. inquirer. net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20101126-305539/Is-K12-the-answer Cruz, I. (2010, October). Pros & Cons in the K+12 Basic Education Debate. The Philippine Star. Retrieved from http//mlephil. wordpress. com/2010/10/14/pros-cons-of-the-k12-debate/ Discussion paper on the enhanced K+12 basic education program. (2010, October 5). Retrieved from www. deped. gov. ph/cpanel/uploads/issuanceImg/K12new. pdf

“Is the technology accelerating to collapse the society?” Essay

I There was a time when people use to live a very miserable life and had to work hard in the fields to produce sustenance for themselves. But for the last hundred geezerhood or so our whole tone of life has been gradually improving and today we have sophisticated machines that mountain do all that hard work for us and make our existence relatively easy and comfortable. Without a doubt, we owe this all to the fast development of our technology. However, the growth of technology has been do possible due to flashyjack energy which started to be available a little less than three hundred years ago when fossil fuels came into use.Thanks to this abundant and relatively cheap energy provided by fossil fuels humans have been able to exploit a rich variety of resources which created favorable conditions for the development of technology and im boot outd their quality of life. Fossil-driven technology has particularly contributed to the development of mechanized agriculture which has all owed an insignificant number of farmers to work vast tracts of land and produce nutrient in abundance.Sufficient amounts of food have led to a wild growth of community around 1800 adult male population was one billion by 1930 it reached two billion by the beginning of the 1960s it was three billion in 1975 four billion in 1986 five billion and the universe of discourses pre direct population is advance six billion. In other words, the progress of our alliance has been based on the development of fossil-driven technology. But the exhaustion of fossil fuels is not far off and in that location is no other energy source which would be abundant and cheap enough to replace them.It means that our society as we know it today is potential to collapse. (Price, David. thrust and Human Evolution) The time of Exuberance is over, population has already overshot carrying capacity, and prodigal Homo sapiens has drawn down the worlds savings deposits. (Catton, William. Industrialization Prelude to Collapse) II Throughout human archives many societies have prospered and collapsed their collapses have direct relevance to the problems we face today. The ancient Maya, for example, were one of the near powerful and advanced societies of the past.Eighty percent of Maya society consisted of peasants who practised intensive slash and burn agriculture, growing mostly corn. (Heinberg, Richard. Meditations on Collapse) During the Classic period of Maya history which arose around A. D. 250 the Maya population increased almost exponentially and reached the highest numbers in Page 2 the eighth century A. D. (Diamond, J ared. The Last Americans. Environmental Collapse and the peculiarity of Civilization) One reason why the ancient Maya collapsed was population growth which outstripped available resources.While Maya population was steadily increase, the area of farmland was decreasing as a result of deforestation and hillside erosion. Another reason was constant warfare which peaked forward the collapse as more and more Maya people had to deal over fewer resources. These problems were also exacerbated by a series of droughts. And the final reason for the Classic Maya collapse was semipolitical. The coming crisis was not recognized and responded to by the kings and nobles.It can be explained by the fact that the Maya elite remained fixated on the short-term concerns of enriching themselves, waging wars, erecting monuments, competing with one another, and extracting enough food from the peasants to support all those activities, and did not focused on long-term problems. (Diamond, Jared) they did not have the leisure to focus on long-term problems, insofar as they perceived them Today there are many signs of the above-mentioned strands in the coupled States, the worlds leading power, which is also at the peak of its power and is suffering from numerous environmental problems.Many parts of the United States, for example, face locally severe problems of w ater restriction (southern California, Arizona, the Everglades, the Northeast), forest fires which result from logging and forest-management practices (intermontane West), losses of farmlands because of salinization, drought, and climate change (northern Great Plains). It is a fact that the environmental problems which exist nowadays in the United States are still modest compared with those of the rest of the world. But the problems of environmentally devastated and overpopulated distant countries are now American problems as well.(Diamond, Jared) Globalization means nothing more than improved worldwide communications and transport constitutions and at fork out America is tightly connected to many oversea countries. Intentionally or unintentionally, such things as terrorists, diseases (AIDS, SARS, cholera, West Nile fever), unstoppable numbers of legal and illegal immigrants can good travel or be sent from the Third Page 3 World to the United States. Modern America depends consi derably on the rest of the world and political stability anywhere in the world now affects the USA and its trade routes, overseas markets and suppliers.The ancient Maya were globalized only within the Yucata? n because of their transportation which was slow, short-distance and had low cargo capacity. We live today in a globalized world because our transport is much more quick and has much higher cargo capacity. (Diamond, Jared) The reasons why past societies failed to anticipate and solve problems before they developed, still can be seen operating today. On the one hand, it is obvious that the possibility of collapse is not taken seriously by our political elite and society.And flat when this problem is recognized, those in power may not attempt to solve it because of a clash between their short-term interests and the interests of the rest of us. Pumping inunct, cutting down trees, and catching fish which is dying out bring the elite money and prestige but it is bad for society a s a whole in the long run. On the other hand, when the problem is recognized and action is being taken it may be difficult for us to greet the wisdom of policies that clash with some of our current benefits.(Diamond, Jared) III The scientific conclusion of many respected geologists, physicists, and investment bankers around the world as to the future of the present society is not encouraging at all civilization as we know it is coming to an end soon. (Life After the Oil Crash) Our technology-driven economic system is characterized by a high consumption of re crudeable and non renewable resources from food to forests, from fresh water to soil which are disappearing quickly. (Ehrenfeld, David.The Coming Collapse of the Age of Technology) Modern societies depend on technological development and every part of our technology depends on the energy which comes from fossil fuels and they supply nearly 75% of the worlds energy. At the rate of consumption that we have today known reserves of petroleum will be gone in about 35 years natural gas in 52 years and coal in some 200 years. And the demand for energy is expected to grow at an ever-quickening pace.(Price, David) Modern food production is fossil fuel Page 4 and petrochemical powered commercial fertilizers are made from ammonia, which in turn is made from natural gas farming machines such as tractors and trailers are constructed and powered using oil. Goods are manufactured in oil-powered plants and factories and then distributed across oil-powered transportation networks. away from transportation and agriculture which are dependent on oil, modern medicine, water distribution, and national defense are each entirely powered by oil and petroleum derived chemicals. Oil is required for all plastics, all computers and all high-tech devices.Tin, iron, gold, silver, copper, platinum, etc are each discovered, extracted, transported, and fashioned using oil-powered machinery. We have no way of producing even alternativ e systems of energy without an abundant and reliable supply of oil as well as of scaling them to the degree necessary to power the modern world. (Life After the Oil Crash) As we can see from these examples, oil plays the most important part among other fossil fuels in modern technology. However, a rapid decline of oil production capacity can be observed in nearly two dozen countries and more than half of the worlds supply has already been used.The global oil peak is likely to occur before 2010 and it is expected to be a trigger for global economic crisis. (Heinberg, Richard) IV All this points out that our present society is indeed heading towards a certain form of collapse. Starvation, social strife, and disease are likely to be intelligence agent mechanisms in the collapse of the human society. They are all consequences of scarce resources and dense population and interact in compound ways. (Price, David) Starvation will be a direct result of the depletion of energy resources.To days dense population depends for its food supply on mechanized agriculture and efficient transportation. Energy is used in the production and operation of farm equipment and as well as in the transportation of food to market. With the decrease of efficient energy resources food will be bound to grow more expensive and the circle of privileged consumers to whom an adequate supply is available will continue to shrink. favorable strife will be another important consequence of the rising Page 5 cost of commercial energy. When goods are plentiful and per-capita access to goods is increasing, social tensions are usually muted.But when goods pay off more and more scarce and per-capita access to goods is decreasing, ethnic tensions surface, governments often become authoritarian and goods are usually acquired by criminal means. (Price, David) Public health systems will be crippled by a shortage of resources, too. In the meantime, a dense population will encourage the spread of contagio us diseases. Throughout human history there have been many examples of large and dense populations leading to the appearance of contagious diseases that evolved to exploit them (smallpox, measles, the Black death).Today, our population is extremely dense and all parts of the world are tightly linked by air travel. All of this facilitates for new diseases such as AIDS to spread rapidly throughout the world. Moreover, a virus as deadly as AIDS but more easily transmissible could appear at any time. (Price, David) We could go even further to state that environmental problems, depletion of energy resources and increased population growth prove that collapse has already begun and all we can do is to make the best of it. It can occur slowly or quickly, be complete or partial, and controlled or chaotic.What we still can and should do is to make a concerted effort to manage this collapse. It would require changes that must be implemented by political leaders and the whole society large-scal e national and international cooperation is necessary in order to allocate essential resources to prevent deadly competition for them as they become scarce. (Heinberg, Richard) These changes are well within our human and technological capacity. First and foremost, the rate at which resources are being consumed and waste is being generated must be gradually decreased.Our resource use and the rate we are polluting the environment can be considerably reduced if we shift to proven more-efficient technologies. It is crucial that our modern society start making these changes now while fossil fuels and other non-renewable resources still exist. They could be invested into building a society and economy based on renewable energy, the careful recycling of materials, and the equitable economic institutions required for a sustainable society. (Gilman, Robert. Reclaiming Page 6.Politics) We should also give up striving for round-the-clock economic growth and adopt lifestyles of voluntary simp licity. (Heinberg, Richard)BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Diamond, Jared. The Last Americans. Environmental Collapse and the End of Civilization, http//www. mindfully. org/Heritage/2003/Civilization-Collapse-EndJun03. htm (November, 16 2005) 2. Ehrenfeld, David. The Coming Collapse of the Age of Technology, http//garnet. acns. fsu. edu/jstallin/complex/readings/Ehrenfeld. htm (November, 17 2005) 3. Gilman, Robert.Reclaiming Politics, http//www. context. org/ICLIB/IC30/Gilman. htm (November, 30 2005) 4. Heinberg, Richard. Meditations on Collapse, http//www. museletter. com/archive/154. hypertext mark-up language (November, 16 2005) 5. Life After the Oil Crash, http//www. lifeaftertheoilcrash. net/ (November, 17 2005) 6. Price, David. Energy and Human Evolution, http//www. energybulletin. net/3917. html (November, 16 2005) 7. Catton, William. Industrialization Prelude to Collapse, http//www. energybulletin. net/4632. html (November, 17 2005).

Normative Ethical Theories

NORMATIVE ETHICAL THEORIES Objective Discuss the normative ethical theories L2 Normative Ethical Theories Beliefs about how people should behave can be classified into at least 2 major categories Teleological theories (Consequentialism) Right strikeions are those that produce the most or optimize the consequences of ones choices. demeanour is ethical if it results in desirable doings 1. 2. 3. 4. Ethical egoism Ethical elitism Ethical parochialism Ethical universalism Deontological theories (Duty and Rights) Duties are set down as holds which must be followed. Rights are behaviours that a person expects of others.Actions are intrinsically right or wrong regardless of the consequences which they produce. 1. Theological ethics 2. Rationalism 3. Social contract possibleness Ethical Egoism Based on the belief that people should act in a way that maximises the good of the person making the decision. For e. g. ethical egoists would non stop to help the victim of a road accident i f that would make them late for a dinner reservation. They are non concerned with rules or veritable behaviour but behave in a way which is in their own interest. Hedonism Ethical behaviour for hedonist would be that which gratifies a desire for fun and minimises pain.Ethical Egoism Adam Smith Advocated the pursuit of maximum self-interest. Believed that such a policy pursued by individuals would lead to the maximisation of societys interest. An invisible hand restrained the individual from behaviour that would damage the interests of society. Miltons Friedmans Restricted Egoism There is one and only one social duty of business to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in open nd free competition without deception or fraud. Suggests that the behaviour of individuals seeking to maximise their selfinterest should be constrained by the law and the conventions of c ompetition and fair play. Would not allow breaking the law or the violation of accepted codes of behaviour in pursuing self-interest. Ethical elitism Suggests that society is stratified and that ethical behaviour should maximise the interests of only the top stratum or the elite. Examples (a) S remaindering thousands of soldiers to their deaths in a battle would be ethical behaviour if it improved the generals reputation, (b) The departure of a mere accounts clerk to protect the reputation of the accountant would be regarded as ethical behaviour by a society that subscribed ethical elitism. Ethical parochialism Assumes that ethical behaviour should protect the interest of the individuals in-group. The in-group could be the individuals family, friends, professional associates, religion, gender, etc. Ethical parochialism would regard cunning to protect a family member as ethical behaviour. Similarly preferring as employees former students from the employers old school. Ethical universalism (John Stuart hoagys utilitarianism) Suggests that ethical behaviour should be concerned with the good of all people and that individuals are all of equal value. Any behaviour which pursues the interests of an individual at the expense of others would be unethical. Mill modified Benthams theory. Bentham argued that when individuals seek to maximise their utility, the communitys utility is also maximised.Mills greatest happiness principle meant that an individual should not act to maximise personal utility but the utility of the community as a whole. Ethical universalism (John Stuart Mills utilitarianism) Moral principle of utilitarianism Persons ought to act in a way that promotes the maximum net expectable utility, that is, the greatest net benefits or the lowest net costs, for the broadest community affection by their actions. An extreme shell This theory would accept an individual being killed to save the lives of many others.Although the individual who was ki lled suffered a considerable loss of utility, the increase in the utility of those who survived more than equilibrize for that loss. Mills utilitarianism is regarded as the most acceptable of the teleological theories replaces blatant self-interest. Theological ethics Relies on religion, where rules must be followed as set down, as established by God. It is Gods command that we should behave in certain ways. Conforming to Gods rules is ethical. It provides a powerful set of duties for people. Strictest description requires compliance with Gods rules regardless of the circumstances or consequences. However, faith or beliefs are not universal, with many different religions and varying degrees of faith with all(prenominal) religion and interpretation. Rationalism Immanuel Kant Sought a simple maxim based on a reason or rationality that would provide a rule for a general duty which would override all others. He suggested the categorical imperative as a universally valid ethica l law, i. e. Act as if the principle from which you act were to become through your will a universal law of natureImmanuel Kant First Maxim Note Categorical imperative it is absolute and does not allow for any exceptions Maxim is an implied general principle underlying a particular action. The categorical imperative is a philosophical formulation of the Christian specious Rule Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Thus to decide whether a contemplated action is ethical, the categorical imperative must be applied to that action. For e. g. a person who is about to break a promise must ask, Would I desire a law which says that everybody may break promises if they so choose? If the dress is No, then the proposed action is unethical. Act so that you treat humanity whether in your own person or in that of another, of all time as an end and never as a means only Immanuel Kant Second Maxim People should not be used to achieve an end no content how worthy that end may appear to be. The end does not justify the means. Kant proposed that applying these maxims to every proposed behaviour would lead to ethical behaviour. Kant strongly implies that perfect duties are always obliged to be followed such as telling the truth or keeping a promise,William Ross major Facie Obligation Ross, in contrast to Kant, refused to accept these duties as absolute or prevailing without exception. Argues that they are leading(predicate) facie duties which means that they are moral imperatives that should apply most of the time under normal circumstances. A prima facie obligation is a conditional one that can be superceded by a more important, higher obligation, usually under very exceptional circumstances. William Ross Prima Facie Obligation Ross Seven Basic Moral Duties on Moral Agents one and only(a) ought to keep promises and tell the truth (fidelity). One ought to right the wrongs that one has inflicted on others (reparation). One ought to distribute goods justly (justice). One ought to improve the lot of others with respect to virtue, intelligence, and happiness (beneficence). One ought to improve the lot of others with respect to virtue and intelligence (self-improvement). One ought to depict gratitude when appropriate (gratitude). One ought to avoid injury to others (non-injury). Social contract theory Assumes that there is a social contract between the individual and the state which requires both(prenominal) to perform certain duties and gives to both certain rights. A social contract is an unwritten agreement based on custom and accepted without dissent. A trouble to perform the duties implied by the social contract would be unethical behaviour. It suggests fairness and equality, and relies on cooperation. For e. g. by observing the road rules, one surrenders certain personal liberties in the hope of receiving safe road-driving conditions in return. Another e. g. If society wishes to receive well organised and skilfu l professional services, it must be prepared to relinquish a certain degree of autonomy and grant professionals special privileges of autonomy and power in return.

Marketing Assignment Essay

My chosen retailer is plop n Pay which is a company owned by South African entrepreneur Raymond Ackerman in 1967. Pick n Pay was able to recognize a large share of the commercialise because Raymond Ackermans indemnity of putting passporting customers the best prise for their money before profit maximisation and various social responsibility programmes have made them a household in South Africa. pass 1 Pick n Pay bridges the following gaps * Space. * Time. * Information.The space and cadence, value gaps are bridged by pick n pay, by establishing what the market really involves and providing consumer what they want at the right price in the right milieu. -Information on products is readily available in depots during promotions and generally accessible in store. -Pick n Pay offers pecuniary services like credit on large purchases like appliances. -Through bridging these gaps Pick n Pay has been able to establish long term relationship with consumers. Question 2An organisati on has to perform its primary & auxiliary marketing activities efficiently and in a timely manner to ensure that the needs/ of the customer are met. Pick n Pay similarly owns its own transportation fleet so they have more control over meeting hold on time. * Pick n Pay conducted detailed market research in order to properly serve its market as all store formats are as diverse as the geographic area they operate in, from the large hypermarkets to the express stores in petrol stations, they cater to all different market segments.Pick n Pay also own Boxer supermarkets which cater to low income groups such as rural areas. * They form of standardisation and grading is their policy of giving consumers double their money back on Pick n Pay products if they not satisfied with the quality, This policy enabled Pick nPay to gain the trust of consumer which translates into Customer loyalty. All different products offered by Pick n Pay have to follow certain regulations before being offere d to the public.Pay has to make the necessary steps to ensure that products like fruits are available all year round which means such products need to be stored in fridges and other products have to be stored properly so they dont get damage before getting to the actual store so they dont incur any losses. * The risk of loss or damage is to be mitigated by the form of having insurance policy to cover the contrast. * Pick n Pay borrows money from banks to cover the day-to-day operations Raymond Ackerman says many businesses that were destined for greatness failed because they didnt have enough cash to run their daily operations.I would say Pick n Pay uses the societal marketing-oriented concept because of their surroundingsal initiatives which have even gained the organisation a Sunday Times Top strike off Grand Prix award for the company that did the most to promote green issues and social upliftment of communities. Raymond Ackerman stresses the importance of doing good business which means implementing sustainable practices in the work environment and doing what the business is obligated to do in terms of social responsibility.Here are some environmental initiatives have introduced * kilobyte Products- Products that are 100% recyclable with active ingredients that are made from sustainable,natural ingredients. * Introduced limited edition eco-friendly bags to limit the use of plastic bags * Pick n Pay vehicles use a low siemens content diesel and ozone-friendly lubrication oils. * Setting up recycle points at Pick n Pay stores * In 2009 they opened up 3 Pick n Pay express stores, starting a new era of green retailing.These type strategies will gain the business long term customers because of its awareness of alter positively to the environment. Question 4 I would say my chosen retailer has evolved to this level because they the good relationship it has with its stakeholder thats why they have been able to offer the market such good prices and within a ny business you need to maintain good relationship with your suppliers for example, this would ensure that everything is delivered in a timely time and with your employees to ensure that their product are product and know whats expected of them.Pick n Pay has a number of policies and guidelines to govern relationships with its stakeholders so every interaction with its stakeholders is morally sound and is in line with the correct practices so that customers are satisfied and customers are retained. Question 5 5. 1 The micro environment of Pick n Pay is its internal stakeholders which would be * Employees * Investors * Management The business has full control over this environment. The market environment is the outside of the business and the business can only control this environment to a certain degree.The market environment comprises of * Suppliers * Competitors- Checkers,Spar,Woolworths. * Customers * General Public Brand Perception and Brand awareness. 5. 2 Pick n Pay is a comp any that focuses a lot on physical environment and socio economic issues as it recognises the importance of sustainability practices in its business receivable to the fact that natural resources are not available in infinite quantities and the damage us humans are doing to the environment. Pick n Pay has also implemented programmes that challenge socio economic issues such as unemployment.Here some the changes and programmes implemented to adapt to changes/trends in the macro environment * Setting up recycling points at Pick n pay which in turn provides employment. * Green products 100% recyclable products with natural active ingredients that dont harm the environment. * BEE programmes which allows race from disadvantaged backgrounds to own a Pick n Pay franchise store. * Pick n Pay company also recently extended its Green Range of household products to include garbage bags made from 100% recycled material, 70% of which is post-consumer recycled materials.

Argue for the Limitation of the Speed Limits

1) A. A trip to the ocean cigaret be a relaxing escape from the everyday pressures of life. b). You should have endlessly be careful to avoid overexposure to the sun at the beach. 2) 1. Check for punctuation,including capitalization 2. watch for grammatical errors. 3) fashion for paragraph indentation 4) keep your eyes focused on one line at a time 3). a chiches are worn out expressions b. I have to face the facts when Im wrong. 4) Intuitive writing is when you dont write down anything until you think about the writing project. Researching is a form of prewriting because youre not writing down anything you are searching for ideas for writing.5). C. once I tug my ham ,mayo,knife,bread and plate to the talbe I start to make my sandwich. I result get out deuce slices of bread get my knife and spread mayo on both pieces. Then I will place my ham on both sides of my bread. After that I put my slices of bread together . so I can eat my favorite sandwich 6)c. In this world two day its hard to find good paying jobs. ood paying jobs are looking for you to have your high naturalizehouse fleece. without an high school diploma you is more likely to be working somewere for minimum wage. me,myself dont want to work at minimum wage jobs all my life. thats why I have interpreted it upon myself to go back to school. i am very determined to get my high school diploma and a degree in sumthing I love to do . then hopefully I can get me a good paying job without setting for less. So a high school diploma is very important to my future.

Education in my Preschool Classroom Essay

There hand over been many theories that have play a part in the foundation of early kidskinhood development. It has been these theories that have changed the style t separatelyers educate their educatees. Creating an surroundings that contributes to in earnation is key to the students success. I get it is the mixer communication between students, their peers and the instructor that determines a successful school experience. I feel that effective communication is a fundamental dowery to my educational philosophy. As a result, I feel that Vygotskys Socioculture Theory virtually closely represents my feature philosophy.Vygotsky felt that children learn social interaction. They acquire cognitive skills as part of their induction into a way of life. Shargond activities help children internalize their societys modes of thinking and behaving and those folkways their own (Papalia, Olds, & Feldman, 2008). My education philosophy is to evoke the shell most achievable learning e xperience for totally students in my schoolroom. Lev Semenovich Vygotsky developed Vygotskys Socioculture Theory. In this approach to teaching Vygotsky believed that childrens mental, expression, and social development is supported by and enhanced through and through social interaction (Morrison, 2009).According to Vygotsky the development a child has is concentrated on the communication they have with plenty around them in a social environment. One of the most eventful aspects of Vygotskys Theory is the partition of proximal development (ZPD). The ZPD is the argona of development that is too difficult for the student to achieve by themselves. It is infallible to recruit assistance from another person. The help shadower come from a teacher, another adult, or nevertheless a classmate (Morrison, 2009). Vgotskys sociocultural Theory gives students the chance to develop their strengths socially while facilitating cognitive surfaceth and development.I propose to incorporate m any of Vgotskys theories in my preschool classroom, such as hold and the z unrivaled of proximal development. Using scaffolding, teachers clear help students continue to achieve in the argonas of development that atomic number 18 too difficult for them to accomplish alone. When a preschooler is able to master a t lead, the scaffolding pile be faded out. In my preschool classroom I want students to build on their own strengths so they put up become more independent learners, both academically and socially. Physical and Motor Development withdraw active learning and how a child uses his or her body.Locomotion is the part of motor development that involves children learning to run, jump, hop and dance. Preschool children like to take part in fine-motor activities as well, such as coloring, drawing, and painting. Teachers that incorporate both natural and fine motor activities in their daily lessons leave alone encourage physical and motor development for each child. o Activity Body Parts Children ar encouraged to set off antithetical body parts to music. As the teacher calls out a body part each child must wiggle and dance around emphasizing that particular part of the body.The teacher can in like manner change this activity to encourage students to move to the meaning of words. For representative, stretch your arms up high, creese down and touch your toes, crawl like a baby or jump like a kangaroo, the possibilities are endless. o Activity Sticker Fun Children love stickers, for this activity give each student a variety of stickers that are a variety of colors and sheets of opus that are the primary colors. give lessons students to peel off the sticker and place the sticker on the matching sheet of paper. Children can also work at the Art table.The table would be supplied with crayons, glue, scissors, markers and paper. In Cognitive Development most preschool children are in the preoperational stage of intelligence. Their ability to use symbo ls and their lyric skills are developing and improving. Preparing hands on activities are fantastic to assist the preschool child in the area of cognitive development. o Activity- Sink or go down on The teacher would need to gather some(prenominal) items like ping pong balls, straws, teeny beach ball, rocks, paper clips and toy cars and fill the sensory table with water.The teacher would hold up several items and ask the students what they are and whether they think the item would sink or float. The teacher would call on students to drop items into the water, the class would attain if the item sinks or floats. After the experiment ends the students could graph what items floated and what items sunk to the bottom. o Activity- Swamp Sort The teacher would need a small supply of small and large plastic alligators, as well as two bins one for the large alligators and one for the small ones. She would also need the sensory table modify with water and sand.The teacher would explai n to the class that they were going on an adventure to find alligators. Some of the alligators would be small (she would hold one up) and some alligators would be large (again she would show the class). The class would take turns apply a net to scoop out alligators and then they would have to sort them into the assigned bins. Social-Emotional development is a very important part in the development of a preschool child. The social and emotional part of development in a preschool program prepares students for success throughout their time in school, as well as, the respire of their life.Social-Emotional development can be encouraged in the classroom through social interaction, exploration and experiments. o Activity-Smelling Jars Have children play a sorting game. Before class the teacher would fill empty jars with several items that have strong aromas. For example, the teacher could fill the jars with items like fruity smell-orange, floral-rose petals, and spices-cinnamon and/or garlic. The students would be blindfolded as they try to identify the smells. After the children have examined all the aromas they would have to sort and graph the smells into two categories the ones they desire and the ones they did not like.o Activity-We Are Thinking The teacher explains to the class that they are going to play a game that requires them listen, look and think. The teacher goes on to explain that in this game she will think of different classmates and give clues to reveal their identity. For example, she could say I am thinking of a friend who has blond haircloth and is wearing a red shirt. The students will have to look, listen and think to identify their friends. Language skills grow and develop rapidly during the preschool years (Morrison, 2009).Reading to and with other children is a great way to encourage language development. Children begin to learn and have the capacity to become beginning showers as their language skills improve. o tale Time Including story time in the preschool classroom is a wonderful way to encourage language skills. Imagination can make the typical story time new and different. The teacher chooses an appropriate phonograph record and then reads it to the class. She pauses throughout the book allowing the children to tell her what they think would happen next.After the story is over the children can role play and dress up and act out the story. o Sight Word nurture Hunt Preschool children can use sight words to increase their vocabulary and build emerging skills for reading. The teacher tells her students they are going to play a game today and that at the end of the game they are going to find a treasure. Before the game the teacher would have to hide a small treasure box filled with whatever she chooses (enough for each student to have one). The teacher would also have to place cards with different words around the room.The teacher would explain to the children that they would take turns reading each sit e word and then finding it in the classroom. On the back of each card would be the next sight word to find. The students would choose a student to go next until all students had a turn the last student would find the treasure that they would share with the class. The student would be encouraged to ask other students for help if needed. This game could be easily adapted to be more of a emulation the teacher could form teams and declare a winner, although, all children would still receive a treasure.The first-class honours degree formal sagacity I would be sure to include in my preschool classroom would the steep/ chain educational approach. The High/Scope approach provides broad, realistic educational geared to childrens current stages of development. To bring forward the constructive processes of learning necessary to broaden emerging intellectual and social skills (Morrison, 2009). The High/Scope notice assesses six broad categories initiative, social relations, creative rela tions, creative representation, music and movement, language and literacy, and mathematics and science (Morrison, 2009).The High/Scope can help preschool teachers create an environment that is conductive to learning by supporting the cardinal essential elements classroom arrangement, active learning, the daily schedule, assessments and curriculum. The second formal assessment that I would incorporate into my classroom would be Brigance K&1 Screen II. This assessment only requires ten to fifteen minutes per child and is used on children entering kindergarten and first grade (Morrison, 2009). Children who were getting ready to leave preschool would welfare from this assessment as it would measure the childs skill level.I could then pass this information on to the next teacher along with my own personal observations. My favorite type of informal observation is the portfolio. This form of assessment allows the teacher to collect samples of the students work over a period of time and th en determine the childs strengths and weaknesses. Teachers are able to track a childs development for a specific period of time that they determine. The childs progress can be tracked weekly, monthly, or through quarterly assessments. The second kind of informal observation that I will be sure to include would be the Interview.This allows children to explain different behaviors, papers they have worked on and case-by-case answers that the student may have given to questions. Engaging children in discussion can only benefit all involved teachers and peers alike. It is important to keep the lines of communication open between teachers, students and their parents. Students need to feel that they can speak up and ask questions about anything that will help them be successful students. The curriculum in my preschool classroom would include literacy.Time each day would be set aside for Alphabet hunch overledge, this would permit students know that letters have names and shapes and that letters represent sounds in our language (Morrison, 2009). Phonics would also be used on a daily basis. Time be would assigned for reading decodable books. Children would learn to read using their phonic knowledge along with content clues such as pictures. Mathematical curriculums are an important part in the preschool classroom as well. Math plays a very prominent role in the preschool classroom today (Morrison, 2009).Children in my preschool classroom will engage in many different activities. For example sorting, counting, experiments and observations. Mathematics can also be incorporated into the time spent in the computer research lab by playing math games. Preschool children are hands on learners so the use of manipulatives would be encouraged. The best classroom environment would persuade children to engage in personal, meaningful educational experiences. In addition, the classroom contains 3 or more interest areas that encourage choice (Morrison, 2009). The classroom shoul d be organized so all children can find the supplies needed to be successful. This will also promote independence. The classroom floor plan should support classroom programs as well as help to implement programs. For example the Art shopping centre should have the necessary supplies stored near the art table. The reading center should have a supply of books and chairs laid there. The ideal environment would also include an area for small and large group (circle time) instruction. An adequate dummy for storage would be needed.The items would have to be labeled in such a way that the children would know where to return them to keep the classroom neat and orderly. The ideal environment would include a classroom where children feel safe and protected. School should be a place where children are free to learn without fear of macrocosm bullying. There are many different preschool programs available today. They all offer programs that use philosophies, theories and concepts to try to occupy the needs of preschool aged children. There are many things that promote relevant learning but one of the most important in my opinion is social interaction.It is because of that belief I feel that Vygotskys Sociocultural Theory and the High/Scopes Approach to learning is the most effective method for learning in the preschool classroom. The most important thing is to make the classroom a place where each child is given the opportunity to learn in a fun and effective manner, always putting our students first.ReferencesMorrison, G. (2009). Early childhood education today. (11th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Pearson Education, Inc. Papalia, D. , Wendkos Olds, S. , & Duskin Feldman, R. (2008). A childs world infancy through adolescence. (11th ed. ) Boston McGraw-Hill.

My Last Trip to Baguio Essay

I love travelling, especially to those beautiful spots here in the Philippines. Ive been to Pangasinan, Quezon Province, Tarlac, Pampanga, Bataan, La Union, Baguio, and Tagaytay. One affaire that I cant forget are my trips to Baguio. Ive been in that location several successions with varied companions. I almost memorize the different places thither that the tourists visit every time they go in that location like Burnham park, Mines View, Wright park, Botanical Garden, Strawberry Farm, Groto and others.One of my trips to Baguio that I calm down remember was when I was with my uncle and his family, together with my infant and husband. It happened last January 1, 2011. It was already four in the morning when I woke up, because we will leave at precisely 5 am.After four hours of travelling, I could feel the cold breeze of the air. At last were there But the smell of the air, the cold that makes me chill from the first time that Ive been there seven eld ago was non that similar for me now. Then our trip to Baguio started for the whole day, we go to beautiful places there. Because it was their first time there, my husband and I served as their tour guide. We ate our breakfast at KFC in Session Road, I ordered fried chicken, rice, coffee and sundae for desert. From there we started victorious up our pictures.After breakfast we went to Baguio Cathedral, and there they took a lot of pictures, because it was their first time there, they were so excited. With their different poses, anywhere even there were not so beautiful view. Even it was foggy and the views were not that clearly seen in the pictures we still continue taking up our souvenir pictures.Next place we visited after the cathedral was a garden, that was the Baguios Botanical Garden, for me it was more beautiful now compared before. It was more systemize and clean now. The cave that connects Botanical Garden to Mines View Park was more interesting to try now, not like before that it seems like an ordinary passage. but that cave served as a fortress of the Filipino soldiers during the war here in the Philippines.Then we went to Wright Park, we rode horses. We also go to Mines View at and bought silver jewelries, actually it was my uncles treat to all of us. After all the places weve been there, we go back to Barrio Fiesta. But it was too late for lunch and we were all hungry, we ordered lot of foods. After eating, they still want to go in other places, but the trip will took four hours again going home. So, they decided to go down. We bought strawberries, ube jam, strawberry jam and other delicacies that can be bought there. It was so tiring, but if youll go steady for the entirety of Baguio its just like Gapan in area.

Diversity in the Workplace and Implications Essay

re newfangledal in the Workplace Implication for kind Resource Development Paper Week 3 A outline description of the event and the work environment the discrimination occurred (Omit identifying demographic information and use fictitious label as needed). True event When I was a younger man back in 1973 or 74, I was out in (Royal Oak) near the (Detroit Zoo). I cannot remember the reason I went out in that location more(prenominal) than likely undecomposed joy riding, I use to do a lot of that when I was younger since the age of 18, and mostly I have driven new cars all my adult life. I saw a sign for a delicatessen that offered corn beef sandwiches among others so I stopped, and went in to buy a sandwich. When I entered there were pot already in line placing and receiving their distinguishs and more people came in after me you did not need to have a number for your sport to place an order. The order taker or waitress a (white female), was doing a good job of calling the cor rect person for their orders until my turn was up.When my turn came the order taker asked someone for their order that I felt entered after I did, but I saw not sure. Anyway after this person made their order (MY turn), wrong she asked someone else could she stand by them, but what she did not know was that me and this person had short small talk while waiting our turn. kind of of stepping up to place an order, this person said I think gentlemen is suppose next, the order taker said (oh sorry), and asked me (what do you want) I looked at her and said not a thing from this place, and turned and walked out. As I leave I could hear a few people telling her about manners and he was just another customer regardless. Oh did I mention that I was the only person of color in the delicatessen. I was not embarrassed, but angry as a (**********). Federal and state legislation that supports fair employment practices The Department of Labor (DOL), enforces more than 180 federal laws.These man dates and regulations that implement them covers workplace activities for 10 million employers and cxxv millionworkers. The following is a drawing description of (DOLs) statutes which atomic number 18 most applicable to callinges, job seekers, workers, retirees, contractors and grantees. This brief summary of major labor laws and not to offer a detailed explanation. For authoritative information and references to weighed down descriptions on these laws, you should consult the statutes and regulations themselves. (Employment Laws Assistance) provides a list of U.S. Department of Labor laws and regulations with tie in. The DOL compliance assistance meshwork site offers complete information about how to comply with federal employment laws. Rulemaking and regulations provide brief descriptions of links to various sources of information on DOLs rulemaking activities and regulations. The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) describes standards for wages and overtime pay that affect priv ate and public employment.This act is administered by the Wage and Hour Division. It requires employers to pay cover employees who are not otherwise exempt, the federal minimum wage and overtime pay of one-and-one-half-times the regular lay out of pay. For nonagricultural operations, it cuts the hours that children under age 16 can work and forbids the employment of children under age 18 in jobs deemed too dangerous. For agricultural operations, the law prohibits the employment of children under age 16 during school hours and in certain jobs deemed too dangerous. The Wage and Hour Division alike enforces labor standards provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) that have got to aliens authorized to work in the U.S. under certain nonimmigrant visa programs (H-1B, H-1B1, H-1C, H2A). (Labor, U. D. (2015). The responsibilities of gentleman resource managers and their implications concerning race, culture, age, gender, sexual orientation, ghostlike or ghostly beliefs , and disabilities The ( gay Resource Manager) must have the ability to meet the needs of the changes within an organization.Organizations are becoming more successful, adaptable, and resilient, can quickly change directions, and customer centered. In this environment, the military personnel being resource master copy must learn how to manage organizing, leadership and controlling of human resources, and have knowledge of emerging trends in ways of training and employee developing. Dimensions of workplace salmagundi allows age, ethnicity, ancestry, gender, physical abilities, qualities, race, sexual orientation, educational background, geographic location, income, marital status, forces experience, religious beliefs, parental status, and workexperience. (Chan Dr., A. (2015). How risk guidance strategies support equity within the workplace Diversity and equality in the workplace is more than a business. It is imperative for a good solution to decades of race, gender, age, relig ious and sexual orientation discrimination.Having diversity that respect people from different backgrounds helps businesses produce a better product, makes new markets, and work with larger list of customers. Promoting principles means adopting diversity in all practice approaches. This means that diversity must be considered at each level, and in each policy from the management approach, hiring, and promoting, to new business development. (Ogunjimi, A. (1999-2015). Why issues of diversity within the workplace are paramount for human service workers and for management of human service organizations Discussing the issues of the advantages and disadvantages of workplace diversity is not only difficult, but sometimes could be a shoes in the workplace that is wished to go away rather than address the issue. There are times when discussing topics that include diversity and cultural differences lead to debating issues concerning stereo theatrical roles, generalizations, unfair workloads, and presumptions about particular cultures, religions, races and other issues of a diverse throng of people.Broaching the subject of diversity can become an issue however must issues can be through with(p) with candor, sensitivity, honesty and respect boundaries set for the discussion, this challenge can be easily resolved. You may need an experient coach or human resources leader to facilitate the discussion, or may even require the service of a diversity expert. (Mayhew, R. (2015). How this experience or observation may influence issues of diversity within your ambitiousness organization for Week Fives Learning Team showing Issues of diversity and my experience or observation within our dream organization for Week Fives Learning Team Presentation is mind boggling. First of all the diversity within the team and dealing with issues is stressful, but it has made me more determined to do the best I can to help our team by doing my part. I also feel that (Week Fives Learning Team Presentation) for team B, will go smoothly.How this would apply to the development and management aspects of human resources Human resource management incorporates everyone and everything that concerns the organization, and someone with a degree in human services can work as a manager in a personnel department. Human resources and development are morespecific. It focus is on improvement of personnel through training, selection, and other methods. The goals of human resource development personnel are worthwhile for improving organizational productivity. The goals of human resource management are more general and sometimes unclear. However, many employers are impressed if you have any type of management degree, especially if you want a higher level or higher paying job. (LAawMedMBA, L. (2009).ReferencesChan Dr., A. (2015). The Challenges of Human Resource Management. Retrieved from http//www.zeromillion.com LAawMedMBA, L. (2009). What is the difference between human resource Developm ent and human resource management. Retrieved from http//answers.yahoo.com Labor, U. D. (2015). Summary of the major Laws of the Department of Labor. Retrieved from http//www.dol.gov Mayhew, R. (2015). Major Issues to Consider for Workplace Diversity. Retrieved from http//smallbusiness.chron.com Ogunjimi, A. (1999-2015). Strategies Promoting Equality & Diversity in the Workplace. Retrieved from http//www.ehow.com

Dartmoor Nationa lPark In 2002

Dartmoor lies in South Devon, in South westernmostern England. Devon is next to Cornw either, Somerset and Dorset. The Dartmoor theme special K lies not far from the Cornwall border, next to the urban center of Plymouth and close to Exeter.To the south of Dartmoor lies several honeypot locations such Paignton, Torbay and Torquay. These attract masses of tourist every category.thither are some(prenominal) rivers and streams which run by means of with(predicate) The Dartmoor study commonality. Some of the major ones are the River Teign and Bovey, running through the North East of the super acid the River Dart, running through the South East of the super C the River Plym, Erme and Yealm, running through the South West of the park and the River Tavy and Taw running through the North West of the park.Throughout the park on that point are many A and B class thoroughfares. These include the A38 which runs from Exeter to Plymouth, the A30 which runs from Exeter to Launceston, th e A386 which runs from Sourton to Plymouth, A382 which runs from Bovey Tracy to Whiddon Down, the B3212 which runs from Moretonhampstead to Yelverton, the B3357 which runs from Tavistock to Dartmeet, the B3193 which runs through Teign Valley, and the B3387 which runs from Bovey Tracey to Widecombe.Sketch correspond Of The Dartmoor National ParkLand Issues Facing The Dartmoor National ParkUn identical many other countries in the world, such as the United States Of America, the government doesnt control the National Parks inwardly the United demesne and Wales. Within the park in that location are many landowners such as public bodies and private individuals. This causes many conflicts within the park.National Parks were setup in the 1950s. Up to 1957, ten National Parks were confirmed. 1989 maxim another area, the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, given National Park status. In 1999 the Government declared that twain new National Parks in England were to be created South Downs and the New Forest.National Parks were set up to* uphold and enhance the natural wildlife, dish and cultural heritage of the area.* show the outside public how to promote and see the countryside.* care for the social and economic welfare of the communities within The National Parks.The National Parks are berth to 300 000 spate. Dartmoor National Park accommodates 32 300. This is spread over the main settlements in the National Park Ashburton, Buckfastleigh, Moretonhampstead, Princetown, Yelverton, Horrabridge, South Brent, Christow, Chagford. The population of the largest settlement, Ashburton is about 3,500.One of the major issues that have a sorry concern for everybody within The National Park is tourism. solely this is due to* people having more money to spend on recreation.* special time for holidays, particularly short breaks such as a bank holiday or weekend.* a better infrastructure.The Dartmoor National Park has to cope with thousands and thousands of consultors per month. The National Park Authority claims that it has 10 million day visits every year. More than 40% of all visitors are from surrounding honeypots such as Torbay and neighbouring cities such as Plymouth. To be precise* 22% come from Plymouth.* 10.2% come from Torbay.* 18.7% come from Teignbridge.* 8.9% come from South Hams.* 14.4% come from West Devon.* 8.8% come from outside Devon* 8% come from the rest of Devon* 9% come from Exeter. every(prenominal) the information higher up is the percentage of people coming from that area, both the people who have a permanent house there and people who are staying at that place, on holiday.Coping with so many tourists is a very big problem for The National Park Authorities. When it is extremely busy, there are not enough parking spaces. All visitors expect easy access. The edges of the park are particularly under pressure as major holiday routes pass it to the North and South. Visitors anticipate that there will be tourist shops, litter collection s, picnic areas, and toilets. The Dartmoor National Park houses four National Park Information Centres, twelve Village Information Points, four conjunction Information Points and several other Centres supported by the National Park Authority. on that point are 72 different places to park within Dartmoor.The prices of houses within The Dartmoor National Park, and other parks, are soaring because rich, wealthy people from urban areas pay more for their second home than local people can afford. The majority of the conjunction in National Parks throughout the United Kingdom have a lot of ripened retired people. There are not a lot of young people in the area because these areas do not have a lot of schools primary and secondary, and they certainly do not have colleges and universities. other key factor is erosion. Here is a diagram showing the main reasons why erosion occursThe valet causes of erosion are walking across the grassy terrain, grazing live stock on the fields, tearawa y(a) farm vehicles, horse riding, mountain biking and soldiery training. Although all the things here can be refrained from doing, the National Park really would not be. Things like military training and some driving of vehicles can be avoided.All the natural causes of erosion rain, wind and vegetation, cannot be avoided. These are natural and if it did not happen then all kinds of life in the park would die.The Ministry of Defence control around 13,340 hectares about 32,951 Acres of the park. This about 14% of the whole park. Most activity is intense between Okehampton and Two Bridges, to the North of the park. Both live and wry ammunition is used. Live firing has caused damage to ancient monuments and has disturb wildlife, When training commences, large areas are unsympathetic off from the public.Even though there are no natural lakes in The Dartmoor National Park, there are eight reservoirs, taking up around 1% of the park. Burrator, Venford, Fernworthy, Trenchford, Tottiford and Kennick were built before 1940. The other two were added latter Avon Dam and Meldon. These reservoirs were created by blocking off valleys and waiting for them to fill up. These reservoirs are used to fork up water to the towns and cities of Devon. Rainfall on the moors are much higher than urban areas such as London.Kaolin, differently known as china clay, is the source of the main mining industry in Dartmoor today. Kaolin is extracted by open cast mining and used in to make paper shiny. The kaolin is exported throughout the world. There are large reserves in southern Dartmoor, mainly around Lee Moor, which has one of the largest china clay pits in the worldover 90 m deep and covering over 40 hectares, around 100 acres. Producing kaolin produces large amounts of waste. Land that is important for recreation, wildlife and archaeological interest has been threatened by the dumping of kaolin waste.The main reason for the creation of The National Parks were to preserve the natu ral beauty of the areas.Within Dartmoor there are two large areas of blanket fog. This area waterlogged all year long because there is very heavy rainfall there and poor drainage. It is dominated by rushes, like grass and a thick layer sphagnum moss. Around this area there are burbot and grass moors, providing better grazing for farm and wild animals.SolutionsThe AuthoritiesSo whats going on to invade the land issues facing The Dartmoor National Park?Many things are being done to help conserve the environment from tourists* More and more information centres are being created to inform visitors about the park, to make them get a line how to use and preserve the park. This not only through information centres but also signposts and leaflets.* The Rangers observe the park the most .They are the eyes and ears of The Dartmoor National Park. They try to make certain that all visitors enjoy their visit and monitor the effects of recreation on the landscape and the local community. The local communities support their work a great deal.* The visitor mangers. These are the people who control more or less every man-made aspect of the park. They say were to put an information centre, where to put a toilet. They plan for these things by doing surveys. (One can be found on the next page).* New roads are being made. A trunk road was created a few years back, through the North of the park, although an act was passed that no new roads were to be created in parks.Erosion is single handedly destroying the environment. The National Park Authority has created a strategy to turf or re-seed the most eroded parts.The military is a big problem in the way to totally cleanup position the park. All the Authorities are trying to ban them from The National Park.Authorities do not like the eight reservoirs already in the park. A bid for another one was made a few years back. It was refused by parliament.With all the waste from the kaolin, the authorities are trying to find suitable pla ces for the waste to be stored. A place has not been found yet although they are still looking.SolutionsMy OpinionI think that all cars should be banned from the area. People should park their cars and catch a bus into the area.The military should be also banned from the area. They should go and find else were to do their training.